BUNGUR
Nama daerah: Bhungor; Wungur; Ketangi; Laban; Wungu
Deskripsi tanaman: Pohon, tinggi dapat mencapai 45 m, umumnya antara 25-30 meter, bercabang-cabang. Batang berwarna cokelat pucat sampai merah cokelat. Perbungaan berupa malai, berwarna ungu.
Habitat: Tumbuh di tanah gersang dan subur pada hutan atau tanaman pelindung tepi jalan pada dataran 1-900 m dpl.
Bagian tanaman yang digunakan: Kulit kayu
Kandungan kimia: Tanin; Alkaloid; Saponin; Terpena; Glukosa
Khasiat: Antidiare; Diuretik; Antidiabetik
Nama simplesia: Lagerstroemiae speciosae Cortex, Lagerstroemiae speciosae Folium
Resep tradisional:
Kencing manis:
Daun bungur segar 8 g; Biji kacang hijau 9 g; Air 110 ml, Dibuat infus, Diminum 1 kali sehari 100 ml.
BUNGUR (Lagerstromeia speciosa Pers)
Local Name: Bhungor; Wungur; Ketangi; Laban; Wungu
Crop description: tree, Height can reach 45 m, generally between 25-30 metre, bar branch. Pale cacao chromatic bar until squeezing cacao. Inflorescence in the form of panicle, chromatic is purple.
Habitat: Grow in fertile and barren land at wayside protector crop or forest at plain of 1-900 m above sea level.
Part of the applied crop: Bark
Content of chemistry: tannin; alkaloid; saponin; pen; Glucose
Khasiat: Antidiare; Diuretic; Antidiabetik
Name of simplesia: Lagerstroemiae speciosae Cortex Lagerstroemiae speciosae Folium
Traditional recipe:
Diabetes:
Leaf bungur fresh 8 g; Green nut 9 g; Water 110 ml, Made by infusion, Drinked 100ml in 1 times a day.
Fat Burners: Why You Are Being Ripped-Off
by: Johnny Lavot
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Fat burners have become very popular in today's society, especially in merica. It seems hat everyone is looking for a "quick fix" to their problem...and that is why they turn to those "awesome" fat burners where you can just pop a pill and "lose 30 pounds in 10 days!"
However, do these fat burners actually work? Do they actually provide any benefits? Do the $40-$100 price tags justify any benefits that they may have? Here we will investigate some of the claims that they make such as
-increased thermogenesis
-decreased appetite
-fat loss without exercising
-increased energy
However, before I go into any more detail about fat burners, you must understand two important concepts:
Total Daily Energy Expenditure and The Law of Thermodynamics
(don't worry -they're quite simple).
Everyone has a set number known as "Total Daily Energy Expenditure" or TDEE for short. Your TDEE is how many calories your body uses per day to keep itself going. Pretty much everyone's TDEE is different, and it changes everyday depending upon how much work your body does that day or if you gained more muscle mass, etc... This number can be affected by such things as how much muscle mass you have, genetics, what you do during the day, etc.
You can get a rough estimate of you TDEE at http://www.weight-loss-resources.com/calculators/dailycalories.html
Once you understand TDEE, there is another simple concept to understand. This concept is known as The First Law of Thermodynamics (don't worry - our application of it is simple). This law states:
1. If you eat less calories than your TDEE, you lose weight (this weight can be muscle or fat or a number of other things, but that's for another article)
2. If you eat more calories than your TDEE, you gain weight (once again, this can really be anything)
3. If you eat the same amount of calories as your TDEE, your weight stays the same
So, in order to lose fat, you must create some sort of calorie deficit between your TDEE and the number of calories you eat. However, the deficit cannot be too large - otherwise your body will go into starvation mode. For more information on this topic you can check out www.burn-the-fat-feed-the-muscle.com.
The Fat Loss Claims of Fat Burners:
--Increased Thermogenesis
Thermogenesis is essentially a fancy word for TDEE. Saying that a product will increase thermogenesis is like saying it will increase your TDEE - which would mean that you burn more calories per day. Many of the products in these fat burner's will increase your rate of calorie expenditure, but not by very much - the results are minimal.
Here's an example: A while back I saw an ad touting that their "green tea extract" increased thermogenesis by 4%. Sounds spiffy, eh? Now, let's take a somewhat normal number for TDEE - 2000 calories/day. 4% of 2000 would be 80 calories per day. If a pound of fat is 3500 calories, this means that you could get rid of an extra pound of fat about every 44 days by taking this supplement!
This small deficit could be easily accomplished many other ways though. For instance, you could eat 10 less wheat thins for a day, replace soft drinks with water, or not add mayonnaise to your sandwich at lunch.
Decreased Appetite
When trying to diet (actually, just achieve a calorie deficit), many times people complain that their appetite is holding them back - therefore companies that produce fat burners like to claim that their product "reduces appetite".
It's true, many ingredients in products may reduce your appetite. But do you really need these special herbs or ingredients to do that?
In my opinion, nature provides everything. Here are some strategies:
1. Drink water. If you get some sort of craving for something, just drink some water. This will help to decrease your appetite by filling up your stomach, it's natural, and you need water to function properly anyway.
2. Eat fiber. You can either eat foods with fiber in them, like vegetables, or you can just buy some of that powdered fiber at the store (it actually doesn't taste that bad), and take some with your meals. Fiber cannot be digested, so it will decrease the actual capacity for your stomach to hold food. Plus fiber pushes food through your digestive tract faster than normal. This can cause roughly 15%-20% of the food you eat to not be digested - resulting in a smaller amount of calories that your body actually digests. Fiber also provides too many other benefits to list here.
3. Eat foods that are low in calories, but high in satiety. These are foods that have a low amount of calories per amount of food that you eat. For instance, a stomach full of jello contains less calories than a stomach full of peanut butter.
Fat Loss Without Exercise
It's possible to lose some fat without exercising. However, when you do this, you're setting yourself up for failure in the long run. Muscle is an integral part of permanent fat loss. When you cut calories without lifting weights or exercising, part of the weight you lose will be muscle as well as fat. When you add weight lifting/exercise to your routine, you essentially signal your body to keep your muscle. For more information on this topic of "weight loss and weight lifting", check out our free 7-day fat loss e-course. The second lesson involves the effects of weight lifting on fat. So, in essence, you can lose weight without exercising - but it's kind of a waste of time.
Increased Energy & Focus
Many fat burner's contain ingredients like caffeine or vinpocetine, which they claim to help increase your energy and focus. In many cases, some (a rare few might I add) of these compounds can and have been proven to do this - but (this is from personal experience) mostly by a minimal amount. Probably the best way to gain focus and energy is the way nature intended - through exercise. Ever gotten that endorphin high after a great workout? You'll be surprised at how "high" you get and at how clearly you can think.
Fat Loss & Water Loss
Due to some of the ingredients in fat burners, they can make you lose weight - but not necessarily the correct type of weight. Some ingredients such as caffeine can be classified as mild diuretics. This can be deceiving, as the weight that you may have lost from the "fat" burning supplement may not be fat at all, it may just be water.
So, all in all, fat burning supplements do provide some benefits - that is, if the ingredients actually DO support their claims. However, many times, even though they do provide benefits, the benefits are many times small compared to what can be accomplished through intelligent dieting and exercising. It is up to the buyer whether the price tags justify the benefits that these supplements may provide.
About Essential Fatty Acids and Fish Oil
by: Mitch Pellecchia
By now, most of us have heard of essential fatty acids (EFAs) and their potential health benefits. They’re said to sustain cognitive function and memory, benefit the heart and immune system, aid in cell reproduction and repair, and even help balance hormones. Fish oil, duly noted by the medical community as having similar benefits, contains high levels of omega-3 essential fatty acids, thus establishing the link between a daily regimen of fish oil and good health. Fish oil is sold in the
What are essential fatty acids?
Essential fatty acids are unsaturated fats typically found in the oils of vegetables, certain nuts and seeds and some fish. They’re said to benefit health more than the saturated fats found in meat and dairy products and may even have a positive impact on cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood. Essential fatty acids are referred to as "essential" because they must be obtained through diet and are essential to the normal growth and function of muscles, nerves, cells and organs in humans. There are two families of essential fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids.
Omega-3 fatty acids – the fatty acids found in fish oil
Omega-3 fatty acids are a type of polyunsaturated fat present in many coldwater fish including trout, salmon, sardines, anchovies, herring, mackerel, tuna and cod. The two most potent forms of omega-3 fatty acids are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA), both known as "good fats" – unlike saturated fats, which when consumed in excess can lead to cardiovascular problems, neural and brain disorders.
EPA helps to produce the prostaglandins (hormone-like substances) which help control blood-clotting and arterial functions. EPAs may also help to lower serum triglyceride levels.
DHA is a major component of human brain and retinal tissue and aids the transmission of nerve impulses.
The term "omega-3 essential fatty acid" has become synonymous with "fish oil" in modern American marketing literature.
Sources of omega-3 essential fatty acids other than fish oil include, but are not limited to:
• Avocadoes (whole or oil)
• Brazil nuts
• Flaxseed
• Flaxseed oil
• Fortified milk products
• Hempseeds
• Hempseed oil
• Omega-3 eggs
• Pumpkin seeds
• Sesame seed
• Soybean oil
• Walnuts
• Wheat germ oil
Omega-6 fatty acids – not found in fish oil
Omega-6 EFAs are found in animal products such as dairy and meat and are common in cooking oils such as safflower, olive, sunflower, hemp, soybean, pumpkin, sesame, walnut and flaxseed oils. Too many omega-6 EFAs, say nutritionists, can throw off the balance of prostaglandins and lead to health problems. Experts recommend a ratio of three parts omega-3 essential fatty acids to every one part omega-6 fatty acid in the diet. Research indicates that Americans consume far more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 as a result of overindulging in fried foods, red meat and cheese.
Omega-6 fatty acids are dependent on interactions with omega-3 essential fatty acids in order to benefit good health, which is why a balance of the two is crucial in the diet. The American Heart Association cautions against a high dietary intake of omega-6 fatty acids as it can lead to the development of gallstones and promote tumors.
Prostaglandins
Prostaglandins encompass a number of hormone-like substances found in every cell in the body. They’re critical to the dilation and constriction of blood vessels, the contraction and relaxation of muscles, the regulation of blood pressure and the modulation of inflammation. Prostaglandins are needed for overall good health and maintenance and must be replenished constantly. It’s easy to understand why having a good balance of prostaglandins in the body is essential to well-being.
Where does fish oil come from?
Most fish oil is extracted from the fatty flesh of the fish, unless a product specifically states otherwise, as is the case with cod liver oil or shark liver oil – extracted from fish liver. Nutritious fish oil is usually derived from deep, coldwater fish and those swimming in the wild (wild fish eat other fish and marine animals and vegetation to survive, whereas farm-raised fish are typically fed some type of less nutritious, less expensive, commercial-grade pellet). Some experts say the best fish comes from the deep Atlantic of Norway and other Scandinavian countries: the deeper and colder the water, say experts, the less chance of toxins such as mercury, lead, dioxins, furans and PCBs occurring in the fish oil. Fish from eastern Pacific waters is known to contain elevated levels of mercury.
Fish oil supplements – good ones / bad ones
"Product disclosure" is the operable phrase when seeking out nutritious fish oil supplements. From what kind of fish is the oil extracted and from where is it extracted naturally through pressing or with a centrifuge; or are petrochemical solvents such as hexane used to extract the oil from the source? How is the fish oil refined? Is it molecularly distilled, which to date is the most reliable form of fish oil purification, or does the label read something like "extra-distilled" or "super-distilled?" Such terms have no bearing on quality or safety. Because the hundreds of thousands of fish oil supplements on the market remain unregulated by the FDA, the safety, consistency, efficacy and strength of these products varies immensely among brands.
When reading fish oil supplement labels:
• Make sure the type of fish from which the fish oil is extracted is listed.
• Look for terms "coldwater," "deep water" and "wild" as opposed to "farm-raised."
• In what ocean or hemisphere was the fish caught? North Atlantic, deep, coldwater is said to be the most nutritious.
• Make sure the fish oil is molecularly distilled, which better ensures the absence of PCBs, heavy metals and other contaminants.
• What parts of the fish were used? Fish oils extracted from fish liver may be higher in heavy metals and contaminants.
• What fish oil extraction method was used? Cold or modified expeller pressing means that the oil was produced without damaging temperatures or unnecessary pressure.
Marketing claims that have no defined meaning in relation to fish oil supplements, and which often mislead consumers, include:
• Ultra-pure
• Professional grade
• Pharmaceutical grade
• High-potency
• Super-distilled
• Natural
• Extra-distilled
• Best
• Finest
• Highest quality
• Pure
• Purest
• Purified
Essential fatty acid health benefits and risks
Few argue the benefits of fish oil and essential fatty acids in the diet. Clinical studies have demonstrated that the omega-3 fatty acids can benefit cardiovascular health and that "good unsaturated fats" derived from vegetables and fish are far more nutritious than "bad saturated fats" which come from red meat, animal products and dairy. The cardiovascular benefits to balancing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet include lowered serum cholesterol, decreased serum trigylcerides and reduced platelet aggregation. Although many fish oil supplement companies claim that fish oil supplementation may aid brain function and strengthen the immune system, a complete body of evidence has yet to be produced.
Along with the health benefits of fish oil come some risks, most associated with taking too high doses of fish oil or having dangerously high levels of omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids in the blood. Some of these risks can include:
• Thinning of the blood and reduced ability of the blood to clot.
• Increased risk of bleeding.
• Too large doses can increase glucose levels in persons with already elevated blood sugar levels.
• In excess, fish oil may suppress the immune system.
• Increase the occurrence of nosebleeds and easy bruising.
• Upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea and belching.
• Poisoning from heavy metals, PCBs, dioxins and pesticides.
Experts and nutritionists are convinced that the health benefits of fish oil far outweigh the risks. However, many warn that fish oil shouldn’t be taken with blood-thinning medication such as warfarin or aspirin and shouldn’t be taken by anyone with bleeding disorders or uncontrolled hypertension. It is highly advisable to consult a physician before supplementing a diet with fish oil.
EPAs, DHAs, efficacy and the FDA
In September of 2004, the FDA announced they would allow a qualified health claim for reduced risk of coronary heart disease for conventional foods that contain EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids as outlined in FDA’s "Interim Procedures for Qualified Health Claims in the Labeling of Conventional Human Food and Human Dietary Supplements." Notwithstanding inconclusive research at the time of release, the FDA said it would exercise its enforcement discretion with respect to the following qualified health claim:
"Supportive but not conclusive research shows that consumption of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. One serving of [name of food] provides [x] grams of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids. [See nutrition information for total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol content.]"
In 2000, the FDA announced a similar qualified health claim for dietary supplements containing EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids and the reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The FDA recommends that consumers not exceed more than a total of three grams per day of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids, with no more than two grams per day from a dietary supplement.
Be sure to shop at www.vitacost.com for all your essential fatty acid and fish oil needs!
References
1. Supplement from the sea: the fat from fish oil can benefit your heart, eyes, joints, and brain. Tom Weede. Natural Health. Oct 2007 v37 i9 p105 (2).
2. Omega medicine. Is fish oil good for what ails you? Bonnie Liebman. Nutrition Action Healthletter. Oct 2007 v34 i8 p1 (5).
3. The government’s big fish story: Pick the perfect fish oil supplement. Men's Health. July-August 2007 v22 i6 p158.
4. Fish oil and brain development. Alan R. Gaby. Townsend Letter: The Examiner of Alternative Medicine. Oct 2007 i291 p49 (2).
5. Effects of fish oil supplementation on myocardial fatty acids in humans. R.G. Metcalf, M.J. James, R.A. Gibson. Alternative Medicine Review. Sept 2007 v12 i3 p307 (1).
6. Essential fatty acids. Douglas Dupler and Teresa G. Odle. The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine. Ed. Jacqueline L. Longe. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 4 vols. Updated July 1, 2006.
7. Mighty omegas (ways to score more essential fats). Nancy Duncan. Women's Health. Dec 2006 v3 i10 p47.
8. Essential fatty acids and eicosanoids: their role in preventing inflammation, cardiovascular disease and cancer. James Meschino. Dynamic Chiropractic. Dec 3, 2007 v25 i25 p28(3).
9. Fish oil. Mai Tran and Teresa Odle. The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine. Ed. Jacqueline L. Longe. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 4 vols. Updated July 1, 2006.
10. On call: Fish oil revisited. Staying Healthy from the Faculty of Harvard Medical School. August 21, 2006 pNA.
11. By the way, doctor: How much fish oil should I be taking? Staying Healthy from the Faculty of Harvard Medical School. August 21, 2006 pNA.
BAMBU TALI
( asparagua cochinchinenesis ( Lour.) Merr.)
Area : Asparagus,
Foreigners : Christisdoorn
Nature Of Kimiawi : Saponin, aglycone, protosarsapogenin, asaparagine, glukose, fruktose, 5-methoxy-methylfurfural, beta-sitosterol.
Effect Farmakologis : In medication of Chinese and mentioned by other traditional is this crop have character - sweet flavor, Bitter, chilled. Kidney and lung meridian admission, fertilize Yin, clean lung and reduce fire heat, stimulate body fluids production, anti toxic, anti is neoplastic and anti is pyretic.
Part of the applied crop : Corm which dried
Way of conducting :
Apply seed or corm, Enough easy conservancy by taking care of dampness of land and also basal fertilizer and enough of sunshine. As crop medicinizeed hence this crop may not be sprayed with pesticide.
Disease available for healed and way of its use.
Bleeding cough and lung tuberculosis and also ill throat : Dry corm 6-12 gr boiled with 1 1/2 glass of water become 1 glass, drinked by warmness twice a day.
BAMBU TALI
( asparagua cochinchinenesis ( Lour.) Merr.)
Area : Asparagus,
Foreigners : Christisdoorn
Nature Of Kimiawi : Saponin, aglycone, protosarsapogenin, asaparagine, glukose, fruktose, 5-methoxy-methylfurfural, beta-sitosterol.
Effect Farmakologis : In medication of Chinese and mentioned by other traditional is this crop have character - sweet flavor, Bitter, chilled. Kidney and lung meridian admission, fertilize Yin, clean lung and reduce fire heat, stimulate body fluids production, anti toxic, anti is neoplastic and anti is pyretic.
Part of the applied crop : Corm which dried
Way of conducting :
Apply seed or corm, Enough easy conservancy by taking care of dampness of land and also basal fertilizer and enough of sunshine. As crop medicinizeed hence this crop may not be sprayed with pesticide.
Disease available for healed and way of its use.
Bleeding cough and lung tuberculosis and also ill throat : Dry corm 6-12 gr boiled with 1 1/2 glass of water become 1 glass, drinked by warmness twice a day.
BAMBU TALI
(asparagua cochinchinenesis (Lour.) Merr.)
Daerah : Asparagus,
Asing : Christisdoorn
Sifat Kimiawi : Saponin, aglycone, protosarsapogenin, asaparagine, glukose, fruktose, 5-methoxy-methylfurfural, beta-sitosterol.
Efek Farmakologis : Dalam pengobatan Cina dan tradisional lainnya disebutkan tanaman ini mempunyai sifat - Rasa manis, pahit, dingin. Masuk meridian paru-paru dan ginjal, menyuburkan Yin, membersihkan paru-paru dan menurunkan panas api, merangsang produksi cairan tubuh, anti toxic, anti neoplastik dan anti piretik.
Bagian tanaman yang digunakan : Umbi yang dikeringkan
Cara budidaya :
Menggunakan Umbi atau biji, pemeliharaan mudah cukup dengan menjaga kelembaban tanah serta pupuk dasar dan cukup sinar matahari. Sebagai tanaman obat maka tanaman ini tidak boleh disemprot dengan pestisida.
Penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan dan cara penggunaannya.
TBC Paru dan Batuk Darah serta sakit kerongkongan : Umbi kering 6-12 gr direbus 1.5 gls air menjadi 1 gls, diminum hangat 2x sehari.
Local Name: Hades; adase; Fenkel; Fennel; Denggu-denggu; Papaato; Alas; Landi; Adhas; Cedas; Adeh; Manih; Wala wunga; Kumpasi; Paapang; Rempasu
Crop description: sodium, 0,5-3 High metre, grooved bar, emergence is vertical. leaf shar fin, spathe with white colour. Inflorescence in form of umbrella by 6-40 flower hilt, corolla is rust colored. Fruit of “berusuk-rusuk” very real, long 4-6 milimeter, green colour when ashes and is young after stripper.
Habitat: Grow wildly in area Tosari and conducting in mountain of East Java and Central Java at height of 900 - 1.300 above sea level
Part of the applied crop: Fruit of
Content of chemistry: limonena; fixed oil; stigmasterin; umbeliferona; sugar; saponin; flavonoida; polifenol
Khasiat:
Anti inflammation , carminative , diuretic , antimicrobial
Traditional recipe:
Constipated:
3 item of Fennel; 3 sheet of guava Young leaf; Bar husk pulosari 1/2 finger; 2 cup of water; Ingredient is braised till boil until obtained by is dilution of 1 cup then filtered,
Age baby of 3 month; drink 5-7 times a day;, every times of 1 teaspoon;
Age baby of 6 month; drink 3 times a day; every times of 1 tablespoon;
Child of age of 3 year: drink 3 times a day; every times of 2 tablespoon;
Adolescent: drink 1 times; every times of 1 cup
Coughed:
3 item of Fennel ; Sugar sufficiently; water sufficiently; Leaf sagamanis 7 sheet; Bar husk pulosari 1 finger; Shallot of 1 fruit, Mixture added by water a few, then smooth boxed, then wrapped with banana leaf hereinafter steamed 15 minute, then extorted with clean cloth, Drinked at the same time before sleep
Stomachache:
5 item of Fennel; Coriander of 11 seed; Merica is perforated 11 seed; Leaf po'o is fresh 20 sheet; water 2 cup; Turmeric of 1/2 finger; Lempuyang fragrant is burned 1 seed; “Temu Kunci” is burned 3 seed; Fresh “Temu Kunci” 3 seed; Wood ules 1 seed, Boxed mixture, then boiled until obtaining 1 cup, then filtered with clean cloth, Drinked 2 times a day.
Local Name: Hades; adase; Fenkel; Fennel; Denggu-denggu; Papaato; Alas; Landi; Adhas; Cedas; Adeh; Manih; Wala wunga; Kumpasi; Paapang; Rempasu
Crop description: sodium, 0,5-3 High metre, grooved bar, emergence is vertical. leaf shar fin, spathe with white colour. Inflorescence in form of umbrella by 6-40 flower hilt, corolla is rust colored. Fruit of “berusuk-rusuk” very real, long 4-6 milimeter, green colour when ashes and is young after stripper.
Habitat: Grow wildly in area Tosari and conducting in
Part of the applied crop: Fruit of
Content of chemistry: limonena; fixed oil; stigmasterin; umbeliferona; sugar; saponin; flavonoida; polifenol
Khasiat:
Anti inflammation , carminative , diuretic , antimicrobial
Traditional recipe:
Constipated:
3 item of Fennel; 3 sheet of guava Young leaf; Bar husk pulosari 1/2 finger; 2 cup of water; Ingredient is braised till boil until obtained by is dilution of 1 cup then filtered,
Age baby of 3 month; drink 5-7 times a day;, every times of 1 teaspoon;
Age baby of 6 month; drink 3 times a day; every times of 1 tablespoon;
Child of age of 3 year: drink 3 times a day; every times of 2 tablespoon;
Adolescent: drink 1 times; every times of 1 cup
Coughed:
3 item of Fennel ; Sugar sufficiently; water sufficiently; Leaf sagamanis 7 sheet; Bar husk pulosari 1 finger; Shallot of 1 fruit, Mixture added by water a few, then smooth boxed, then wrapped with banana leaf hereinafter steamed 15 minute, then extorted with clean cloth, Drinked at the same time before sleep
Stomachache:
5 item of Fennel; Coriander of 11 seed; Merica is perforated 11 seed; Leaf po'o is fresh 20 sheet; water 2 cup; Turmeric of 1/2 finger; Lempuyang fragrant is burned 1 seed; “Temu Kunci” is burned 3 seed; Fresh “Temu Kunci” 3 seed; Wood ules 1 seed, Boxed mixture, then boiled until obtaining 1 cup, then filtered with clean cloth, Drinked 2 times a day.
Nama latin: Foeniculum vulgare Mill
Nama daerah: Hades; adase; Fenkel; Fennel; Denggu-denggu; Papaato; Alas; Landi; Adhas; Cedas; Adeh; Manih; Wala wunga; Kumpasi; Paapang; Rempasu
Deskripsi tanaman: Terna, tinggi 0,5-3 meter, batang beralur, tumbuh tegak. daun berbagi menyirip, berseludang dengan warna putih.
Perbungaan berbentuk payung dengan 6-40 gagang bunga, mahkota bunga berwarna kuning. Buah berusuk-rusuk sangat nyata, panjang 4-6 milimeter, warna hijau pada waktu muda dan keabu-abuan setelah tua.
Habitat: Tumbuh secara liar di daerah Tosari dan dibudidayakan di pegunungan Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur pada ketinggian 900 - 1.300 dpl.
Bagian tanaman yang digunakan: Buah
Kandungan kimia: limonena; minyak lemak; stigmasterin; umbeliferona; gula; saponin; flavonoida; polifenol
Khasiat:
Anti inflamasi , karminatif , diuretik , anti mikroba
Resep tradisional:
Sembelit:
Adas 3 butir; Daun muda jambu biji 3 lembar; Kulit batang pulosari 1/2 jari; air 2 cangkir; Ramuan direbus hingga mendidih sampai diperoleh cairan 1 cangkir kemudian disaring,
Bayi umur 3 bulan: sehari minum 5-7 kali, tiap kali 1 sendok teh;
Bayi umur 6 bulan: sehari minum 3 kali, tiap kali 1 sendok makan;
Anak umur 3 tahun: sehari minum 3 kali, tiap kali 2 sendok makan;
Remaja: sehari minum 1 kali, tiap kali 1 cangkir
Batuk:
Adas 3 butir; Gula batu secukupnya; Air secukupnya; Daun sagamanis 7 lembar; Kulit batang pulosari 1 jari; Bawang merah 1 buah, Campuran ditambah air sedikit, lalu ditumbuk halus, kemudian dibungkus dengan daun pisang selanjutnya dikukus 15 menit, lalu diperas dengan kain bersih, Diminum sekaligus sebelum tidur
Sakit perut:
Adas 5 butir; Ketumbar 11 biji; Merica bolong 11 biji; Daun po’o segar 20 lembar; Air 2 cangkir; Kunyit 1/2 jari; Lempuyang wangi dibakar 1 biji; Temu kunci dibakar 3 biji; Temu kunci segar 3 biji; Kayu ules 1 biji, Campuran ditumbuk, kemudian dididihkan sampai memperoleh 1 cangkir, lalu disaring dengan kain bersih, Diminum sehari 2 kali.
REED
Seagegrass ( Imperata cylindrical ( L.) Beauv.var.mayor<>),
Posture: Herb, grassed, creep, 30-180 high cm.
Bar: Rhizome, creep is subterranean, straightening bar form an inflorescence, compact, with rare.of furry
leaf: single, Basal is each other closing, blade; in form of ribbon, keen sharp-pointed back part, straightened, harsh, with rare of furry, measure of 12-80 cm. x 35-18 cm.
Flower: Compound spika compound formation, rather bud, 6-28 long cm, every branch have 2 seed, branch 2,5-5 cm, flower handle of 1-3 mm, gluma 1; tip of cilia, 3-6 blood-vessel, Lemma 1 ( locked up); wide ovoid, short cilia 1,5-2,5 mm. Lemma 2 ( locked up); long, 0,5-2,5 sharp-pointed mm. Palea ( locked up); 0,75-2 mm.
Stamen: lead gist;sari of 2,5-3,5 mm, white of brass or is purple.
Pistil: Stigma in form of quill.
Fruit: paddy type.
Seed: in form of ellipse, 1 long mm is more.
Time flowered : January - December.
Distribution area, Conducting and habitat: In emergence Java at height up to 2700 m above sea level, at open areas or semi lockups; marsh; at land with good aeration; at opened pot is cleans areas; riparian; ekstensif at secondary forest; combustible secondhand area; as weed in farm; plantation and garden. This plant can influence crop kultivasi is other, because requirement of high relative sodium.
Propagation: multiply by itself. Every time of rhizome is harvested from plant which have been is matured.
Good rhizome of pale chromatic, with cold and sweet flavor. Seagegrass can cause degradation of land hydrogen ion exponent. Level of degradation of resistance and hydrogen ion exponent to nitrification process show existence of positive correlation with growth of seagegrass
Part which applied for medical drug is the root. in reality, The root applicable to reduce temperature, launch urine, discontinue haemorrahage, and as drug for haemorrahage at nose, vomit blood, gonorrhoea ( matter urine), hepatitis, kidney infection. Research find that seagegrass containing mannitol, glucose, sour malic, cittrate, coixol, arundoin, silindrin, fernerol, simiarenol, anemonin, esin, alkali, saponin, taninin, and polifenol.
FOREIGN NAME: Cogon grass, satintail (En). Paillotte (Fr).
Effect Farmakologis : Sweet flavor and cold character, anti is pyretic ( degradation of heat), diuretic ( peluruh kemih), hemostatic ( discontinue haemorrhage), lung median admission, bounce up and small intestine.
Composition :
Root: Metabolite which have been found at seagegrass root consisting of arundoin, fernenol, isoarborinol, silindrin, simiarenol, campesterol, stigmasterol, ß- sitosterol, scopoletin, skopolin, p-hidroksibenzaladehida, catechol, chlorogenic acid, sour isoklorogenat, sour p-kumarat, sour neoklorogenat, acetic acid, oxalic acid, sour d-malat, cittrate, potassium ( 0,75% from dry weight), a large amount of calcium and 5-hidroksitriptamin. From other research result to leaf and root is found 5 kinds of flavonoid generation that is generation 3?,4?,7-trihidroksi flavone, 2?,3?-dihidroksi chalcone and 6-hidroksi flavanol. A flavonoid generation which possibility of cum flavone faction, substitution flavonol at 3-0H, flavanone or isoflavon there are at dissolve extract faction in etilasetat seagegrass root. At dissolve extract faction in seagegrass root water found by flavone compound faction without bunch OH is free, flavone, substitution flavonol at 3-0H, flavanone, or isoflavon.
Part of the applied crop : root, rhizome ( Leaf) and flower. can applied freshness or the dried.
Way of conducting :
Propagation with rootstock or rhizome. This crop very easy to grow and there are dimana-mana around us. Is wild plant and strike as weed. Wild emergence in roadside, in farm and in forest. This plant including chronical sodium, height can reach 180 cm. Solid bar, with hair/furry rare. Leaf in form of ribbon, green chromatic, surface of harsh leaf. Inflorescence in the form of seed, white colour, flower which located in top is perfect flower and which located in under is barren flower. Flower easy to controled the flight of by wind.
Rhizome: Husk emollient; peluruh urine (deuritic), blood cleaner, passion adder eat, haemorrhage stopper. despitefully can be applied by cupula in the effort medication of venereal disease ( matter urine, blood urine, syphilis), kidney ailment, hurt, fever, high blood pressure and nerve disease. All part of plants are applied as feed hewan,bahan kertas,dan for medication of manges.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECT and PHARMACOLOGY Infusa effect seagegrass rhizome as diuretics, on the basis of increasing of concentration of electrolyte ( Na,K,Cl) white mouse urine is masculine. Giving of infusa seagegrass root with dose of 40, 50, 60, 70 g/kgBB effect antipiretik at marmot. Infusa seagegrass flower at concentration of 10% with dose of 12 ml/ kgBB effect antipiretik relative equal to suspension parasetamol 10% at pigeon.
Clinic test: Dekokta seagegrass root with dose of 250-300 g, 2 evening and morning times can heal 27 case out of acute 30 nephritis patient. At chronic nephritis, seagegrass herb can lessen oedema and reduce blood pressure. Dekokta herb of 250 g in the form of unique and also combined with leaf and rhizome Nelumbo nucifera and leaf Agrimonia pilosa can cure epistaksis ( nosebleed), hemoptisis ( bleeding cough), hematuri ( blood urine), menorrhagia, and gastrointestinal haemorrhage is upper.
Despitefully reported also that dekokta seagegrass root earning is effective for medication of hepatitis viral is acute at 28 case; usually applied together with Plantago asiatica, Glechoma longituba and bydm soriyt Artemisia capillaris.
Toxicity: At usage of according to order, practical not be toxic. Not effect dfinginkan: confused, Queasy, existence of increasing of flavor wish to defecation, sometime happened at usage of clinic.
Technological of pharmacy: Seagegrass leaf cellulose have absorpsion to good enough relative water in tablet manufacture direct compressionly.
Traditional recipe:
Channel infection Kemih and Urine A few
If suffering infection at channel kemih, better soon check at doctor. This ingredient serve the purpose of medicinize alternative of curative side from doctor.
Seagegrass rhizome of 6 gram
Key rhizome pepet 5 gram
ALANG ALANG
(Imperata cylindrica(L) Beauv.var.mayor(Nees) C.E.Hubb)
Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrical (L.) Beauv.var.mayor
Perawakan: herba, rumput, merayap, tinggi 30-180 cm.
Batang: rimpang, merayap di bawah tanah, batang tegak membentuk satu perbungaan, padat, pada bukunya berambut jarang.
Daun: tunggal, pangkal saling menutup, helaian; berbentuk pita, ujung runcing tajam, tegak, kasar, berambut jarang, ukuran 12-80 cm. x 35-18 cm.
Bunga: susunan majemuk bulir majemuk, agak menguncup, panjang 6-28 cm, setiap cabang memiliki 2 bulir, cabang 2,5-5 cm, tangkai bunga 1-3 mm, gluma 1; ujung bersilia, 3-6 urat, Lemma 1 (sekam); bulat telur melebar, silia pendek 1,5-2,5 mm. Lemma 2 (sekam); memanjang, runcing 0,5-2,5 mm. Palea (sekam); 0,75-2 mm.
Benang sari: kepala sari 2,5-3,5 mm, putih kekuningan atau ungu.
Putik: kepala putik berbentuk bulu ayam. Buah: tipe padi. Biji: berbentuk jorong, panjang 1 mm lebih.
Waktu berbunga : Januari - Desember.
Daerah distribusi, Habitat dan Budidaya: Di Jawa tumbuh pada ketinggian sampai dengan 2700 m dpl, pada daerah-daerah terbuka atau setengah tertutup; rawa-rawa; pada tanah dengan aerasi yang baik; pada daerah-daerah yang habis dibuka; di tepi sungai; ekstensif pada hutan sekunder; daerah bekas terbakar; sebagai gulma di perladangan; taman dan perkebunan. Tumbuhan ini dapat mempengaruhi tanaman kultivasi lain, karena kebutuhan natrium yang relatif tinggi.
Perbanyakan: berkembang biak dengan sendirinya. Setiap saat rimpang dipanen dari tumbuhan yang telah matang. Rimpang yang baik berwarna pucat, berasa manis dan sejuk. Alang-alang dapat menyebabkan penurunan pH tanah. Besarnya penurunan pH dan hambatan terhadap proses nitrifikasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif dengan pertumbuhan alang-alang
Bagian yang digunakan untuk obat medis adalah akarnya. Kenyataannya, akarnya dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan temperatur, melancarkan urin, menghentikan pendarahan, dan sebagai obat untuk pendarahan pada hidung, memuntahkan darah, gonorea (kencing nanah), hepatitis, infeksi ginjal. Penelitian menemukan bahwa alang-alang mengandung mannitol, glukosa, asam malic, asam sitrat, coixol, arundoin, silindrin, fernerol, simiarenol, anemonin, esin, alkali, saponin, taninin, dan polifenol.
NAMA DAERAH: Naleueng lakoe (Aceh); Jih (Gayo); Rih, Ri (Batak); Oo (Nias); Alalang, Hilalang, Ilalang (Minang kabau); Lioh (Lampung); Halalang, Tingen, Padang, Tingan, Puang, Buhang, Belalang, Bolalang (Dayak); Eurih (Sunda); Alang-alang kambengan (Jawa); Kebut, Lalang (Madura); Ambengan, Lalang (BaIi); Kii, Rii (FIores); Padengo, Padanga (Gorontalo); Deya (Bugis); Erer, Muis, Wen (Seram); Weli, Welia, Wed (Ambon).
NAMA ASING: Cogon grass, satintail (En). Paillotte (Fr). Malaysia: lalang, alang-alang. Papua New Guinea: kunai (Pidgin), kurukuru (Barakau, Central Province). Philippines: kogon (Tagalog), gogon (Bikol), bulum (Ifugao). Burma (Myanmar): kyet-mei. Cambodia: sbö’:w. Laos: hnha:z kh’a:. Thailand: ya-kha, laa laeng, koe hee (Karen, Mae Hong Son). Vietnam: c [or] tranh.
NAMA SIMPLISIA Imperatae Rhizoma; rimpang alang-alang
Efek Farmakologis : Rasa manis dan sifat sejuk, anti piretik (penurunan panas), diuretik (peluruh kemih), hemostatik (menghentikan perdarahan), masuk median paru-paru, lambung dan usus kecil.
Komposisi :
Akar: metabolit yang telah ditemukan pada akar alang-alang terdiri dari arundoin, fernenol, isoarborinol, silindrin, simiarenol, kampesterol, stigmasterol, ß-sitosterol, skopoletin, skopolin, p-hidroksibenzaladehida, katekol, asam klorogenat, asam isoklorogenat, asam p-kumarat, asam neoklorogenat, asam asetat, asam oksalat, asam d-malat, asam sitrat, potassium (0,75% dari berat kering), sejumlah besar kalsium dan 5-hidroksitriptamin. Dari hasil penelitian lain terhadap akar dan daun ditemukan 5 macam turunan flavonoid yaitu turunan 3′,4′,7-trihidroksi flavon, 2′,3′-dihidroksi kalkon dan 6-hidroksi flavanol. Suatu turunan flavonoid yang kemungkinan termasuk golongan flavon, flavonol tersubstitusi pada 3-0H, flavanon atau isoflavon terdapat pada fraksi ekstrak yang larut dalam etilasetat akar alang-alang. Pada fraksi ekstrak yang larut dalam air akar alang-alang ditemukan golongan senyawa flavon tanpa gugus OH bebas, flavon, flavonol tersubstitusi pada 3-0H, flavanon, atau isoflavon.
Bagian tanaman yang digunakan : Akar, rimpang (daun) dan bunga. dapat digunakan yang segar atau yang dikeringkan.
Cara budidaya :
Perbanyakan dengan rimpang atau akar tinggal. Tanaman ini sangat mudah tumbuh dan terdapat dimana-mana disekitar kita. Merupakan tumbuhan liar dan menjurus sebagai gulma. Tumbuh liar di pinggir jalan, di ladang dan di hutan. Tumbuhan ini termasuk terna menahun, tinggi dapat mencapai 180 cm. Batang padat, buku berambut jarang. Daun berbentuk pita, berwarna hijau, permukaan daun kasar. Perbungaan berupa bulir, warna putih, bunga yang terletak di bagian atas adalah bunga sempurna dan yang terletak di bawah adalah bunga mandul. Bunga mudah diterbangkan oleh angin.
Rimpang: pelembut kulit; peluruh air seni, pembersih darah, penambah nafsu makan, penghenti perdarahan. di samping itu dapat digunakan pula dalam upaya pengobatan penyakit kelamin (kencing nanah, kencing darah, raja singa), penyakit ginjal, luka, demam, tekanan darah tinggi dan penyakit syaraf. Semua bagian tumbuhan digunakan sebagai pakan hewan,bahan kertas,dan untuk pengobatan kurap.
EFEK BIOLOGI dan FARMAKOLOGI : Infusa rimpang alang-alang berefek sebagai diuretika, atas dasar peningkatan konsentrasi elektrolit (Na,K,Cl) urin tikus putih jantan. Pemberian infusa akar alang-alang dengan dosis 40, 50, 60, 70 g/kgBB berefek antipiretik pada marmot. Infusa bunga alang-alang pada konsentrasi 10% dengan dosis 12 ml/ kgBB berefek antipiretik yang relatif sama dengan suspensi parasetamol 10% pada merpati. Uji Klinik: Dekokta akar alang-alang dengan dosis 250-300 g, 2 kali pagi dan sore dapat menyembuhkan 27 kasus dari 30 penderita nefritis akut. Pada nefritis kronis, herba alang-alang dapat mengurangi edema dan menurunkan tekanan darah. Dekokta herba 250 g dalam bentuk tunggal maupun dikombinasikan dengan rimpang dan daun Nelumbo nucifera dan daun Agrimonia pilosa dapat mengobati epistaksis (mimisan), hemoptisis (batuk darah), hematuri (kencing darah), menorrhagia, dan perdarahan gastrointestinal bagian atas. Di samping itu dilaporkan juga bahwa dekokta akar alang-alang dapat efektif untuk pengobatan hepatitis viral akut pada 28 kasus; biasanya digunakan bersama-sama dengan Plantago asiatica, Glechoma longituba dan tunas Artemisia capillaris. Toksisitas: Pada pemakaian sesuai aturan, praktis tidak toksik.
Efek yang tidak diinginkan: Pusing, mual, adanya peningkatan rasa ingin buang air besar, kadang-kadang terjadi pada penggunaan klinik.
Teknologi Farmasi: Selulosa daun alang-alang mempunyai daya serap terhadap air yang relatif cukup baik dalam pembuatan tablet secara cetak langsung.
Resep tradisional:
Infeksi Saluran Kemih dan Kencing Sedikit
Bila menderita infeksi pada saluran kemih, sebaiknya segera diperiksakan pada dokter. Ramuan ini dapat digunakan sebagai obat alternatif disamping pengobatan dari dokter.
Ramuan:
Rimpang Alang-alang 6 gram
Rimpang Kunci pepet 5 gram
Daun Kumis kucing 4 gram
Air 115 ml
Cara pembuatan:
Diseduh, dibuat infus atau pil.
Cara pemakaian:
Diminum 1 kali sehari, tiap kali minum 100 ml.
Untuk yang berbentuk pil diminum 3 kali sehari 9 pil.
Lama pengobatan:
Diulang selama 14 hari.
Mimisan, Kencing Darah, dan Muntah Darah.
Bila menderita kencing darah atau muntah darah, sebaiknya segera diperiksakan pada dokter. Ramuan ini dapat digunakan sebagai obat alternatif disamping pengobatan dari dokter.
Ramuan:
Rimpang Alang-alang 6 gram
Daun sendok segar 6 gram
Daun Andong segar 2 helai
Air 110 ml
Cara pembuatan:
Diseduh, dipipis, dibuat infus atau pil.
Cara pemakaian:
Diminum 2 kali sehari, pagi dan sore, tiap kali minum 100 ml. (untuk infus). Untuk pipisan diminum 2 kali sehari, pagi dan sore, tiap kali minum 1/4 cangkir. Untuk pil diminum 3 kali sehari 9 pil.
Lama pengobatan:
Diulang sampai sembuh.
Nama daerah: Endong; Kayu urip; Linjuwang; Jejuwang; Sabang; Daun ngasi
Deskripsi tanaman: Sering ditanam di kebun. Tumbuhan ini berupa pohon, tinggi dapat mencapai 5 meter. Batang keras, bekas dudukan daun tampak dengan jelas. Daun tunggal menempel pada batang, berwarna hijau tua, tepi daun rata. Perbungaan bentuk malai, tumbuh diketiak daun dengan tangkai bunga panjang. Buah buni, warna merah mengkilat. Akar serabut berwarna putih kotor
Habitat: Tumbuh liar di pagar atau di pekuburan sebagai tanaman hias, lazim di tanam pada dataran rendah sampai 1900 m dpl
Bagian tanaman yang digunakan: Daun
Kandungan kimia: Steroida; Saponin; Polisakarida
Khasiat: Hemostatik ,Antibengkak
Nama simplesia: Cordylinae Folium
Resep tradisional:
Batuk darah dan Haid terlalu banyak:
Daun andong segar 5 helai; Air secukupnya, Dibuat infus, diseduh atau dipipis, Diminum 1 kali sehari 100 ml. Untuk pipisan diminum 1 kali sehari 1/4 cangkir
local name : Earring.
English :
Chinese : Tie Xian
Nature Of Chemistry : This content of crop chemistry is many known not yet, usefulness which mentioned from hereditary experience and also empirically.
Effect Farmakologis : Antibiotic, anti chafing, deuritic, Astringent discontinue haemorrahage ( hemostatic), cold and bitter flavor.
Part of the applied crop : all fresh crop or ran dry.
Way of conducting :
Propagation of crop by using seed. This crop very easy to looked after and be like other crop also require water with sprinkler of flattening or take care of dampness of fertilization and especially basal fertilizer. This crop want enough place of sunshine and a few rather covert.
Traditional recipe:
1. Dysentery Amoeba : Dry crop ( all bar) about 30-60 braised gram, decoction water is drinked 2 times; and repeated for 5-10 day.
2. Dermatitis, Eksema, Scabby : Fresh herb sufficiently braised, the decoction water to clean ill husk.
3. Coughed, nosebleed and defecate blood : Dry crop 30-60 gram, braised and drinked after chilling.
4. Medicinize for cat : Root usualy weared medicinizeed by cat instinctively.
5. haemorrahage, singe : Added by fresh herb is sand sugar sufficiently, pulverized then patched at ill.
6. Dysentery Basiler : Dry crop 30-60 gram, added by portulaka 30 gram, sugar of 30 gram, braised and drinked after chilling.
7. Diarrhoea, vomit blood : Dry crop 30-60 gram, braised and drinked after chilling.
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